Тест состоит из 80 случайных вопросов.
Всего вопросов по данной теме: 119
The DoS addresses the responsibility for the security of the water around the ship and the verification of increased threat levels.
During Crude Oil Washing, those areas of the cargo tanks which are not directly struck by the oil jet from the tank washing machines are referred to as:
Which of the following best describes what the wax content of crude oil is?
The percentage of wax, expressed as a percentage, remaining in an oil product after distillation.
The percentage, by weight, of paraffinic wax found in a representative sample of the crude oil.
The observed volume percentage of waxy deposit found in a cargo tank after discharge in relation to the total volume of cargo previously carried.
Oil tankers built and delivered after 6th July 1986 may have wing ballast tanks that extend throughout the cargo tank length. In this case the design feature against pollution in the event of the bottom being breached is that:
Additional level sensors and alarms must be fitted to give early warning of oil outflow.
Steel thickness in the bottom area must be a minimum of 1,36 times that otherwise required by construction regulations to minimise the extent of any breach.
The cargo tank levels must be set so that hydrostatic pressure will stop oil outflow.
The pressure vacuum valves must be capable of complete sealing, and the integral strength of the tank such that a total vacuum is capable of being maintained in the breached compartment, thereby preventing outflow of oil.
The maximum permitted oxygen content in the inert gas supply when inerting a cargo oil tank prior to gas freeing is:
Your vessel is in an area of restricted visibility. You hear this sound signal. What does it mean?
That there is a vessel in distress nearby.
That there is a vessel engaged in underwater operations in the vicinity. She has divers down.
That there is a vessel at anchor in the vicinity.
That there is a vessel aground in the vicinity.
On a traditional crude oil carrier, it is possible to arrange the valves in the bottom of a pumproom so that cargo flows from one bottom line to another. When more than one grade of cargo is carried, what is the operational safeguard requirement regarding these valves?
There is no so special requirement.
That two valves must be closed on each line or a “spacer” removed to ensure no direct connection between tanks.
That one valve segregation is maintained at all times.
That there is two valve segregation.
Depending on the API, an error measurement of 0,1 degree Fahrenheit in a tank containing 300 000 barrels of oil will result in which of the following volumes?
As per IMDG Code, the term “separated from” can be defined as:
Either in a vertical or horizontal separation: if the intervening decks are not resistant to fire and liquid, then only in a longitudinal separation is acceptable. For “on deck” stowage, this means a distance of at least 12 metres. This distance also applies to one package stowed “on deck” and another in an upper compartment.
In different compartments or holds when stowed “under deck”. Provided an intervening deck is resistant to fire and liquid, a vertical separation may be accepted as equivalent. For “on deck” stowage, this segregation means a distance of at least 6 metres.
With an intervening compartment, being both a vertical and horizontal separation. Provided an intervening deck is resistant to liquid and fire, a vertical separation of 6 metres is acceptable. For “on deck” stowage, this segregation means a distance of at least 12 metres irrespective of compartment divisions.
Within the Oil Discharge Monitoring and Control System, an “overboard discharge control” is defined as:
A device which automatically initiates the sequence to stop the overboard discharge of the effluent in alarm conditions and prevents the discharge throughout the period the alarm prevails.
A system which monitors the discharge into the sea of oily ballast or other oil-contaminated water from the cargo tank areas.
A facility which prevents the initiation of the opening of the discharge valve or the operation of other equivalent arrangements before the monitoring system is fully operational.
A system which receives automatic signals of oil content, flow rate, ship’s speed, ship’s position, date and time.
What is meant be the term “sour crude”?
Crude oil containing hydrogen sulphide content greater than 0,1 % by volume.
Crude oil containing hydrogen sulphide content greater than 0,3 % by volume.
Crude oil containing hydrogen sulphide content greater than 0,5 % by volume.
You are on a sailing vessel, underway in open water. This vessel is sighted on the starboard bow, on a steady bearing and the distance is closing. By the International Regulations for the Preventing Collisions at Sea, what action will you follow?
Risk of collision is deemed to exist and, as the other vessel is on a steady bearing on my starboard side, I will maintain my course and speed.
This vessel is clearly a power-driven vessel and I anticipate that the bearing will therefore close and she will pass ahead at a safe distance.
Risk of collision is deemed to exist and, as the other vessel is on a steady bearing on my starboard side, I am required to keep out of the way. I will make a broad alteration of course to starboard.
By Rule 18, a power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of a sailing vessel. I will maintain my course and speed, but will continue to monitor situation to ensure the other vessel takes avoiding action.
When documenting Crude Oil Washing operations in the Oil Record Book, which of the following must be included in the sequence of entries?
The ullage in the tank at the commencement of washing.
The average oil cargo temperature during the washing operation.
The ship’s speed during the washing operation.
The method of establishing that the cargo tanks were dry.
If W = Displacement, L = length, B = Breadth, D = depth of vessel, Cb = Block Coefficient, Cw = Coefficient of Waterplane, RD = Relative Density, then:
When in-service testing a hose used for cargo transfer on an oil tanker (and for which the elongation of the hose assembly when new was greater than 2,5 %), the maximum permitted elongation before the hose must be withdrawn from service should be:
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured at the previous in-service test, as documented in the ship’s annual test record.
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was new, as documented in the manufacturer’s certificate.
Not more than 1,25 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was last tested, as documented in the appropriate certificate.
Ship’s cargo pump room alarm must be automatically activated when levels of hydrocarbon gas concentration are:
No higher than 10 % of LEL.
No higher than 5 % of LEL.
No higher than 15 % of LEL.
During an audit, adherence to the company cargo handling procedures can best be demonstrated:
By requesting that an audit takes place during cargo operations.
By providing a summary of out-turn figures for the auditor.
By being able to provide comprehensive and verifiable documentary records of cargo operations.
Prior carrying out a Crude Oil Washing operation, the tank from which the crude is to be used for washing is usually partially discharged. This is done so as to:
Ensure that all water settled in the tank is removed prior washing, so as to ensure that the fresh cargo can be loaded on top without fear of contamination.
Ensure that only the required quantity of oil are kept in the tank, so as to reduce the amount of slops retained on the ship.
Ensure that any settled water is removed from the tank and only “dry” crude is used for washing so as to avoid electrostatic hazards during washing.
According to SOLAS, the mechanical ventilation system of the cargo pump room shall be capable of making:
At least 10 air changes per hour.
At least 20 air changes per hour.
At least 6 air changes per hour.
With reference to the exposure of “vapours” from oil cargoes, “Short Term Exposure Limit” value is determined by:
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 10 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 15 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 25 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 30 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The longitudinal bending moments caused by cargo distribution on an oil tanker need to be taken into consideration:
Only during loading and discharging cargo.
Only when on ballast passage in heavy seas and when the vessel is pitching.
Only when on loaded passage in heavy seas and when the vessel is pitching.
During loading, discharging and on loaded passage.
The purpose of the decanting line between two slop tanks, where fitted, is:
To enable most of the recovered oil to be retained in the primary slop tank, while the cleaner part of the water will flow into the secondary slop tank, where it can be re-used as wash-water.
To avoid a build-up of static electricity during water washing, caused by air being drawn in as the primary slop tank empties.
To enable the filling of the secondary slop tank via the primary slop tank.
To enable both the primary and secondary slop tank to be filled without using the main cargo lines.
The purpose of the “mud box” fitted on a tanker is to:
Collect ships waste and water mud when ballasting and de-ballasting.
Catch the mud from the anchors and cables and deposit these at the windlass.
Restrict any particles and solids entering the pipeline system.
Catch spills when connecting the discharge or loading hose.
Besides danger of vapour inhalation by crewmembers, if Hydrogen Sulphide is present in high concentrations in crude oil, it can also cause:
What are the three volumes of the IAMSAR Manual?
A – Command and Control; B – Communications; C – Rescue Procedures.
I – Planning and Preparation; II – Rescue Control; III – Reference.
I – Organization; II – Communications; III – Rescue Procedures.
I – Organization and Management; II – Mission Co-ordination; III – Mobile Facilities.
When commencing the cargo transfer at the terminal, the decision to commence the transfer is made by:
The mutual agreement of those in charge of cargo operation, both on board and ashore.
The person in charge of cargo operation at the terminal.
The person in charge of the chartering and operation of the vessel.
The person in charge of cargo operation on the vessel.
According to 33 CFR 156.170, for oil tankers trading in US waters, the minimum requirement for testing of cargo transfer hoses and associated piping system are:
That no leakage occurs under dynamic fluid pressure of less than 1,5 times the maximum allowable working pressure.
That no leakage occurs at the nominal anticipated working pressure.
That no leakage occurs under static liquid pressure of at least 1,5 times the maximum allowable working pressure.
For security purposes, the IMDG Code should be read in conjunction with the:
Chapter XI-2 of SOLAS and Part A of the ISPS Code.
Part B of the ISPS Code and Chapter II of the Maritime Transport and Offshore Facilities Act.
IMO NVIC 24 and 46 CFR 2.05.
As per the IMDG Code, an “article” is referred to as:
Something that is packed within a freight container.
A device that is responsible for initial dangerous reaction.
A device that contains a dangerous substance or mixture of substances.
A form that contains important information about a hazardous substance.
What is the ideal maximum viscosity at which crude oil cargoes are best discharged for maximum efficiency of centrifugal pumps:
The examples of Aromatic Hydrocarbons will include:
Benzene, Toluene and Xylene.
Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Peroxide.
Propane, Butane and Pentane.
Hydrogen Sulphide and Carbon Monoxide.
At which of the following concentrations of Hydrogen Sulphide might a person experience dizziness, fatigue and memory loss?
If for some reason a vessel does not comply with a Classification Society’s requirements, what can a surveyor issue to the vessel enabling it to sail to the next port or for a period of time?
A Notification of Deficiency.
A revised Class Notation.
A notification of Detention.
With reference to oil tanker equipment, the abbreviation VECS stands for:
Vapour Ejection Control System.
Vapour Emission Calibration System.
Vapour Emission Control System.
Vapour Emission Control Standard.
With reference to ship stability, the letters “TPC” stand for:
Tonnes per Centimetre Immersion.
Tipping Perimeter Centre.
When conducting a risk assessment for a shipboard work activity, the two elements to be considered are:
The chance of an incident re-occuring and the potential effects of an loss.
The available manpower and their experience in this type of work.
The potential severity of harm and the likelihood that harm will occur.
As per the US Code of Federal Regulations, the current Oil Transfer Procedures for a vessel carrying out discharge in US ports must be:
That the procedures be legibly printed in a language or languages easily understood by personnel engaged in the transfer operation and permanently posted or available at a place where crew members can see and use them.
That the Master of the vessel engaged in a transfer shall, before commencing any transfer operation, ensure that all crew members involved in that operation shall be familiar with the applicable operating and emergency procedures and be capable of communicating in a common language with terminal operators.
That the procedures be available in hard-copy or electronic format to the Supervising Officer in a language with which he is familiar.
That the procedures be printed in the English and Spanish languages and permanently posted in the wheelhouse of the vessel.
The maximum oxygen content by volume permitted in the cargo tanks throughout the crude oil washing operation is:
Prior to discharging cargo from an oil tanker, “line displacement” is usually conducted to:
To balance a rigid cargo arm.
The calibration of the ship’s flow meter.
Verify the pipeline contents with previous grade have been replaced.
The ODME printed record for ballast water discharge overboard from the cargo piping system on oil tankers operations must be retained on board for a minimum period:
The Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP) test is commonly used for measuring:
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 37,8 °C.
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 15,6 °C.
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 38,7 °C.
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 59 °C.
Special Areas as per MARPOL are:
Specific geographical sea areas in which special mandatory measures for the prevention of sea pollution by oil are required.
Specific geographical sea areas, designated as Marine Conservation Areas by the United Nations, in which any discharge from the cargo area of an oil tanker is strictly controlled.
All sea areas within 50 miles from the nearest land, where that coastal state is a signatory to MARPOL.
Limited ocean and sea areas, listed under the OPA-90 Act, inside which the discharge of oil is prohibited and the penalty for doing so is an unlimited fine and jail sentence.
What is the purpose of girders in the tank?
They support the stiffeners.
They transfer all sea forces acting on the plating.
They transfer all the cargo forces acting on the plating.
They support the stiffeners and also take up some of the sea forces.
One particular group of hazardous goods that is highlighted by the IMDG Code as potentially being the most dangerous for carriage is:
When internally transferring any oil cargo within the vessel, the correct procedure would be to:
Obtain permission from the receivers and retain all e-mail correspondence for the attention of the cargo surveyors.
Transfer no more than 5 % of the total cargo volume at any one time.
Obtain permission from the charterers and document all operations fully in the Oil Record Book.
It is not necessary to obtain any permissions, provided the Captain makes an entry in the Deck Log Book, documenting his reasons for moving cargo.
After passing through the scrubbing tower of an inert gas system, the approximate level of carbon dioxide in the inert flue gas should be:
Crude oils may be considered to consist:
A natural mixture of carbon and sulphur isomers.
A refined blend of hydrocarbon compounds and sulphur extracts.
A mixture of carbon extracts and naturally occurring wax.
A natural mixture of simple and complex hydrocarbon compounds.
Where would you find the document relating to the “Condition of Freeboard Assignment” onboard?
With the Safety Construction Certificate.
With the Classification Records.
With the Loadline Certificate.
With the Structural Survey File.
On oil tankers, Cargo tanks can be isolated from machinery spaces by:
All the answers are good.
With reference to oil cargo calculations, API refers to:
American Petroleum Institute.
Approved Petroleum Inspector.
The recommended guideline for avoiding the risk of electrostatic potential in a mist produced by using oil and water during Crude Oil Washing operations is that:
Crude Oil Washing, where the oil source is stored in a slop tank or other tank that has previously contained slops, should be avoided.
Before washing begins, any tank that is to be used as a source of oil for Crude Oil Washing should be partly discharged to remove any water that has settled out during the voyage. The discharge of a layer of at least 1 metre is necessary for this purpose.
If a slop tank is to be used to supply oil to drive a Crude Oil Washing operation in a cargo tank, then that slop tank must not have contained slops with a water content of more than 2 %.
As per international regulations, the minimum inert gas pressure required to be maintained in slop tanks if slops are retained on board is:
Oil tankers of 70 000 tons and above, delivered after 31 December 1979 shall be:
No requirement regarding number of slop tanks.
Shall be provided with at least 2 slop tanks.
Shall be provided with slop tank.
The term “consignee” is referred to as:
Any person or company which seeks to transport a consignment of cargo by sea.
Any person, organization or government that prepares a consignment for shipment.
Any person, organization or government entitled to take delivery of a consignment.
Any person or company responsible for the operation of a vessel which carries a consignment as freight.
As per IMDG Code, the main criteria for drawing up classes for safe handling of hazardous substancesis on the basis of:
Selective laboratory tests commissioned by the Committee.
Chronological order in which they have been assessed.
The type of hazard they present.
Every oil tanker of 5 000 tonnes deadweight and above delivered on or after 1 February 2002 shall comply with intact stability whereby it must have a minimum GM (metacentric height) in port of:
When describing the characteristics of oil cargoes or oil/water slops, a “mercaptan” is:
A colourless, odorous gas, with a smell similar to rotting cabbage and which is generated naturally by the degredation of natural organisms, as may be found where water has remained under oil for a long time.
A chemical additive blended with crude oil to inhibit the natural “rotten egg” smell associated with certain grades.
The component of hydrocarbon-based cargoes which is formed from Merolion Carbonized Tannin.
The purpose of the demister unit within the Inert Gas System is:
To remove water from the IGS stream.
To remove sulphur oxides.
When in-service testing a hose used for cargo transfer on an oil tanker (and for which the elongation of the hose assembly when new was greater than 2,5 %), the maximum permitted elongation before the hose must be withdrawn from service should be:
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured at the previous in-service test, as documented in the ship’s annual test record.
Not more than 1,25 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was last tested, as documented in the appropriate certificate.
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was last tested, as documented in the appropriate certificate.
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was new, as documented in the manufacturer’s certificate.
As per SOLAS the Inert Gas System of an oil tanker must deliver the inert gas with a maximum level of oxygen of:
Not less than 8 % by volume.
Not more than 5 % by volume.
Between 8 % to 11 % by volume.
The reporting of incidents involving harmful substances and/or marine pollutants is regulated under:
The UN Convention on the Reporting of Accidents and Incidents which Present a Hazard to the Marine Environment 2004.
Appendix B of the Supplement to the IMDG Code
Oil tankers are subject to cyclical bending moments throughout their life as a result classification society rules require a specific minimum reduction in steel thickness to be maintained within “x” length amidships, where “x” is:
A “Pellistor” is:
It is the electrical sensor which detects low pressure in an Inert Gas generating control system.
It is a sensor that can be used in a combustible gas indicators to detect and measure flammable gas concentration as a percentage of its lower flammable limit.
It is the common term applied to the metal, ceramic or other heat-resisting material which can cool even an intense flame below the temperature required for ignition, as utilised in a flame arrester.
As per MARPOL, Oil Record Book Part II, Cargo/Ballast Operations, must be carried and completed on oil tankers of:
150 gross tonnes and above.
20 gross tonnes and above.
50 gross tonnes and above.
What is a VPR (OPA-90)?
Vessel Response Procurement.
The compensation payment by the charterer that is due when a vessel is unable to load/discharge her cargo within the allowed and contracted time is referred to as:
Contractual penalty discount.
The chemical characteristics of effluent water from an inert gas scrubber and the condensate which collects in the deck mains would be:
With reference to oil cargo characteristics, “cloud point” is:
The temperature at which an oil product begins to emit vapours which can be observed in a spectroscope due to the volume of solid particles extracted during evaporation.
The depth within a cargo above which no waxy solids are entrained.
The temperature at which a liquid hydrocarbon begins to congeal and take on a cloudy appearance, due to the bonding of constituent paraffin compounds.
A tanker in ballast, having recently left the discharge port is involved in a collision. The two vessels are still interlocked after the collision and a survey of the ships gives all crew members are safe and the damage is focussed to the vicinity of the impact. What should be the greatest concern at this time?
When the two vessels separate one (or both) of the vessels will have insufficient stability to remain afloat.
The vessels moving together will create even greater damage to their structures.
The possibility of pollution.
The ships moving together in the swell/seaway will cause a spark and consequently an explosion.
According to ISGOTT, in which of the following situations, when measuring vapour space oxygen content of a cargo tank, can a electrochemical sensors in gas measuring instruments become damaged or poisoned?
When the sample containing hydrocarbon/inert gas has a hydrogen sulphide content greater than 2 %.
When the sample containing hydrocarbon/inert gas has a hydrogen sulphide content greater than 1 %.
When the sample containing hydrocarbon/inert gas has a hydrogen sulphide content greater than 3 %.
Fluid driven eductors operate on Bernoulli’s principle, which states that:
The discharge rate is inversely proportional to the pressure applied in the drive inlet.
The increase in pressure at the eductor inlet is inversely proportional to the decrease in pressure as measured at the discharge orifice.
The speed of a moving fluid increases as the pressure in the fluid decreases.
The volume of a fluid increases as the pressure in it decreases.
Any person who can assume overall charge of the ships crude oil washing operation must have:
They must have at least six months experience on tankers, be knowledgeable of the cleaning procedures and equipment applicable on board the vessel and be able to fully demonstrate understanding of the operation of the ODME equipment.
At least 12 months appropriate experience on oil tankers, have participated in at least two COW programmes and be fully knowledgeable of the contents of the Operations and Equipment Manual.
They must have at least three months experience on tankers, have participated in at least six washing operations and be aware of the procedures associated with the completion of the Oil Record Book.
The approximate Upper Flammable Limit of Crude Oil when measured as a percentage volume in air is:
Why is it important to have good relationship on-board a vessel?
It encourages crew to extend their contract.
It will prevent accidents from happening.
It leads to better work performance and positive atmosphere among the crew.
Crew comes to know each others problems.
A VLCC is to anchor in a depth of 80 meters in open water with moderate swell running. How many shackles of anchor chain should be used to ensure safely anchored?
Crude Oils required by MARPOL to be specifically listed in a tanker’s Crude Oil Washing manual as unsuitable for COW are:
Those with highbenzene content.
Those with high pour point of viscosity.
Those with high basic sediment and water content.
Master of every ship must provide:
Facilities to conduct training whenever required by the training officer.
A link between the shipboard training officer and the company training officer ashore.
The training during crews working hours only.
Proper rest to the crew after each training programme.
To correctly report an oil spill in US waters:
The master of the vessel responsible for the spill must advise the Environmental Protection Agency National Incident Reporting Center (or the appropriate regional office) within 2 hours of the incident being reported to that person.
The person in charge must first report the spill to the National Response Center or, if not practicable, to the Environmental Protection Agency regional office or local US Coast Guard Marine Safety Office. This must be done immediately that person has knowledge of the spill.
The person responsible for the spill must report preliminary details to the appropriate State Police within 30 minutes of the accidental discharge taking place.
The approximate API gravity of Arabian Light Crude is:
What is the relationship between absolute pressure and gauge pressure?
Absolute pressure = gauge pressure.
Absolute pressure = gauge pressure – atmospheric pressure.
Absolute pressure = gauge pressure + barometric pressure.